Furnaces

Whether you’ve recently moved into a new home with an existing furnace or are simply unsure about the system in your current home, it can be hard to know how to find out how old your furnace is.

A furnace will typically need to be replaced after anywhere from 15 to 20 years of service, so it’s important to know exactly when your furnace was installed.

There might be a tag or sticker that’s easily visible that tells you the make, model, serial number, and production date. But if you’re not so lucky, then there are still ways to find out the age of your heating system.

If you’re asking “how do I find out how old my furnace is,” this comprehensive guide aims to help you date your furnace accurately even if you’re missing the original documentation or receipts.

A Key to Determining Furnace Age: The Serial Number

Find the Serial Number

When trying to answer “how old is my furnace,” start by locating the unit’s serial number.

However, finding this sometimes isn’t immediately obvious. Depending on the specific manufacturer as well as the year of production, the serial number might be found in a number of different locations.

Look for the manufacturer’s label. This will be a paper or metal tag, sticker, or imprint. Newer models will often have the information somewhere along the outside surface of the furnace. However, if it’s not there, open the cabinet door to see if there’s anything posted inside.

Older models may require a bit more digging. Shut off the power to your furnace and take a look around inside the unit. The serial number could be stamped into one of the components. Common places to find the serial number include the:

• Gas valve
• Fan or fan blades
• On the inside of the access panel
• On the blower compartment panel
• The interior cabinet

Using the Serial Number to Date Your Furnace

Once you’ve located the serial number, you’ll probably have to investigate to figure out the exact details of your furnace. This is because the serial code rarely states the actual production date clearly.

There are a few ways to do this. Some are easier than others, but we’ll go over all the tricks to help you figure out the age of your furnace.

Method One: Check with the Manufacturer

The easiest way to find out how old your furnace is using the serial number is to check with the manufacturer. In the case that you know the brand, simply use the brand’s furnace age chart to identify your own model.

Alternatively, call the manufacturer to ask them how to tell how old your furnace is based on the information you have.

A manufacturer representative may be able to approximate the age of your furnace by looking at a photo of the unit, even without a serial code.

Method Two: Deciphering the Serial Number

When you don’t know what brand your furnace is, can’t find an age chart, or can’t get in touch with the manufacturer, you can still use the serial number to date the unit.

The orientation and combination of the numbers and letters will differ depending on the make and year, but most serial numbers contain the week or month and year of production. Let’s talk about some of the most common serial number styles:

• Week/month and year as the first four digits: It’s usually the first four digits of the serial code that indicate the manufacturing week/month, followed by the year. So, in the case that you see 2-3-9-8 followed by more digits or letters, for example, it likely means that the furnace was produced in the 23rd week of 1998.
• Year and week/month as the first four digits: Alternatively, the year might come first and the week/month second. In that case, the first four digits of the serial number might look like this: 0-2-1-2, for 2002, December, or 2002, the twelfth week.
• Date at the end: Sometimes, but not often, it’s the last four digits of the serial number that indicate the model’s production date.
• Letters indicating months or years: Another variation you might see is using a single letter to represent a month or year. For example, a serial number might read 02B, where 02 is the year (2002) and B means February. When letters represent months, the code usually starts with January being A, February being B, etc. However, sometimes January will start at M, February N, etc.
• Serial number with a letter at the beginning: When a serial number starts with a letter, this often represents something like the factory or location, and the date of production usually follows.

Tips about serial numbers:

Some manufacturers skip the letter I (and sometimes J as well) to avoid confusion with the number 1, so September might be represented by J or K.

If the serial code reads 0-7-3-4, it’s easy to tell that it was made in the 34th week of 2007, as it isn’t likely to be from 1934.

How to Tell How Old Your Furnace Is: Analyzing Serial Number Examples from Actual Manufacturers

Other Ways to Tell How Old a Furnace Is

Look for Service Tags

You can also find out how old your furnace is by looking for a sticker or tag indicating the date when your furnace was last serviced. This tag may list the date that the furnace was installed. Although this isn’t the same as the production date, it can give you a decent estimate of the unit’s age.

How to Tell How Old My Furnace Is Using Warranty Information

All furnaces in Canada come with at least a basic warranty, and if you still have the warranty documentation, then you might be able to find out how old your furnace is.

The document may have a purchase date or warranty expiration date, and from there you can work backward to calculate when the warranty started and how old the furnace is.

Further, if the warranty was registered, then the manufacturer will have a record of the registration date, which can give you a pretty good idea of the furnace’s age.

Ask an HVAC Specialist: How Do I Know How Old My Furnace Is?

Experienced HVAC technicians will have many years under their belts, and that likely means they’ve seen it all. These experts might be able to identify your furnace just by looking at it, even if the brand and serial number aren’t obvious.

Moreover, they might see other clues to help you date the unit, and will be able to recommend options for maintenance or upgrading.

How Old Is Too Old for a Furnace?

Furnaces generally have a lifespan of 15 to 20 years. While it’s not unheard of for a well-maintained system to last 30 years, if yours is around 20 years old, it’s probably getting close to the end of its lifespan.

Here are some signs your furnace is getting too old:

• Frequent breakdowns/repairs
• Rising heating costs not associated with energy prices
• Uneven heating
• Strange noises
• Repair costs are around 50% of the cost of a new furnace

Talk to an HVAC pro and have your furnace inspected. Older furnaces can pose a safety risk because of cracked heat exchangers and carbon monoxide leaks.

How Do Old Furnaces Work?

When it comes down to basics, old furnaces work very much the way modern ones do. The differences come when you look at new technologies/design features that old furnaces won’t have, and these might be able to help you find out how old your furnace is roughly.

Here are some key comparisons between older and newer furnaces:

Burner: An older furnace will likely have an actual burner and a pilot light instead of an electronic or direct spark ignition.

Heat exchanger and blower: Old furnaces will still have heat exchangers and blowers, but they’ll be less efficient compared to newer designs. Old blowers will likely be noisier as well.

Operation: Most furnaces that are older than 20 years will probably only have single-stage operation. That means they have ON and OFF settings, but nothing in between. Many newer furnaces feature two-stage or modulating burners that produce more consistent heat more efficiently.

Draft: Older furnaces used gravity to move air through the system. These are known as natural draft furnaces. Modern furnaces use a fan or blower to force air through the system.

Common Problems with Old Furnaces

Older furnaces can act up from time to time because they’re not built with the same efficiency or durability as newer furnaces. Sometimes, simple wear-and-tear on your furnace is enough to cause issues that are difficult to take care of.

Here’s a list of common problems:

Pilot Light Troubles

Most modern furnaces have a Hot Surface Ignition, similar to the filament in a lightbulb. Older furnaces use a flame that is kept going by a constant small amount of gas. This doesn’t tend to be very efficient, and can cause trouble by creating carbon monoxide.

Damaged ignition, drafts or debris can also hinder the pilot light from working, and will likely need repair or replacement.

Blower Problems

This can be a simple or complicated problem to solve in an aged furnace, but essentially it means that heat and air are not getting to where they need to be. Sometimes the belt just needs to be lubricated, other times it may need to be replaced. If the blower itself is running constantly, it indicates a need for repair.

Chronic Cycling

Older furnaces can start catching bad habits from neglect. One such action is the furnace turning on and off quickly, or going through its cycles constantly. It could be something like a dirty air filter or a malfunctioning sensor.

Noisy Furnace

Modern furnaces typically have more insulation and will be in better condition than an older furnace. When your furnace starts to make odd sounds, it could likely be any issue. Starting with the sound will help you pinpoint what’s going on. Rattling, squeaking or rumbling mean different things, which could indicate loose panels, a slipped belt, or old bearings; or possibly something else.

Malfunctioning Thermostat

This may have nothing to do with the furnace itself and may simply require new batteries or attention. If it’s an older thermostat, there’s the possibility that it has become defective.

How Much Does It Cost to Replace an Old Furnace?

The average cost of a new furnace in Canada is between $4,000 and $6,500, and that includes installation. However, when you’re replacing an older furnace, there are factors that can impact the cost, such as:

• Upgrading ductwork
• Size of your home/furnace
• Furnace efficiency/make/model
• Installation complications
• Where you live

While a new furnace is an investment, upgrading to a high-efficiency heating system can reduce energy costs and improve indoor comfort.

Benefits of New High-Efficiency Furnaces

Modern furnaces are a lot more efficient than the older ones, partly due to new technology and partly due to the basic standards that they’re required to meet.

The AFUE rating shows how much fuel is actually going into heating your home, so a rating of 90% means that 90% of your gas is used as intended with only 10% wasted. Modern furnaces sold in Canada need to have an AFUE of at least 90% and most are much higher (up to 99%), while older furnaces are lucky to be close to 70%.

Beyond the higher efficiency ratings, new furnaces are also advantageous because they have more sophisticated design features and technologies, including:

Electronic Ignition

One of the eco-friendly and cost-saving features in a new furnace is the electronic ignition, which has replaced the pilot light. Electronic ignition creates a spark as needed and doesn’t waste fuel running a pilot light that is constantly on, whether it’s needed or not.

Airflow

Airflow is typically induced and controlled so that every part functions regularly and efficiently. An ECM or Electrically Commutated Motor will provide precise control of airflow, resulting in a quieter furnace with a more efficient operation.

Fans and Valves

Variable-speed fans and modulating valves help heat your home with precision and stop the on-off cycle that is common in older furnaces. This means that you use exactly the amount of energy needed and no more to heat your home, and it increases longevity from less tedious cycling.

Reduced Noise

You’ll also notice less noise from the droning and rattling of an old furnace. Modern furnaces are sound-insulated, and also have parts that are seamless and won’t clang. In addition, the variable-speed fans operate quietly since they don’t need to run at full speed or stop, which is often a cause of a noisy furnace.

Thermostats

Smart thermostats can help regulate throughout the seasons, so you won’t have to worry about getting stuck on one setting and forgetting. They have a lot of features beyond just temperature.

Some thermostats can send text messages and other alerts about maintenance and issues that arise. When paired with a humidifier, they can help create a comfortable atmosphere in your home, year-round.

Talk to an HVAC Expert for Professional Advice

Once you’ve determined that your old furnace needs replacing, it’s a good idea to call an HVAC professional to get a suggestion and estimate for what your home needs.

Heating a home adequately and eliminating cold spots is about choosing the right features, sizing the furnace properly, and managing airflow.

Our guides can give you a place to start in your furnace education and help you make an informed choice.

For professional service, get a free no-obligation quote from a certified local HVAC contractor.

FAQ

Where can I find my furnace information?

When you’re looking for the serial number or manufacturer’s label to find out how old your furnace is, check for a nameplate on the side or front of the unit or on the inside of the access panel door. If you can’t find a label, you might still find a serial number on a gas valve, fan blade, blower compartment, or other component.

Is a 20-year-old furnace old?

Yes, a 20-year-old furnace is at the end of its lifespan. Even though you might still be able to get a few more heating seasons out of it, it’s probably worth replacing if your heating bills are going up, the furnace is heating unevenly, you’re facing expensive repairs, or you could get a better and more efficient unit by upgrading.

Can you tell the age of a furnace by serial number?

You can often find out how old your furnace is by the serial number, but each manufacturer has a unique format. Learn more about what serial numbers mean.

Resources

• Building Intelligence Center (serial numbers)
• How to Determine the Age of a Furnace
• Is a High-Efficiency Furnace Right for Me?
• How to Determine the Age of a Furnace

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Oil and electric furnaces are still popular in some parts of Canada, but they have their drawbacks. Fortunately, you can convert a furnace from oil/electric to propane/natural gas.

Propane and natural gas furnaces are by and large cheaper to operate than electric and oil powered furnaces, especially if you opt for a high-efficiency furnace with a AFUE above 90%.

If you want to convert an oil furnace to gas/propane or convert an electric furnace, this article will tell you what you need to know.

The Benefits of Converting a Furnace to Propane or Natural Gas

• Improved efficiency and reduced environmental impact. Propane and natural gas furnaces tend to operate at a significantly higher AFUE than oil furnaces, meaning they convert more of the fuel to usable heat. This means less waste and fewer harmful emissions.
• Pay as you go & equalized payments. Many oil suppliers may charge upfront for a tank refill, whereas most natural gas utilities will charge you on a monthly or bi-monthly basis for what you use. Many also offer the option to spread the payments out in equal and predictable amounts so there are no surprises.
• Increased home value. A new modern propane or gas heating system is more efficient, affordable, and heats more effectively than oil. This makes it a more attractive option for potential home buyers and is a great all-around investment.

Other Benefits & Reasons to Consider Converting a Furnace

1. Space savings – The most immediate benefit of when you convert a furnace is the space you will save. New propane and gas furnaces tend to be more compact and take up less space in your home than older oil furnaces.
2. Propane and gas are also much cheaper than electric and oil heating. These furnaces are generally cheaper to operate than electric and oil furnaces, since electricity far more expensive, while oil is also fairly expensive and is burned far less efficiently. Gas and propane furnaces also require comparatively little electricity (usually only for parts like the blower). Propane and gas also burn hotter than electric furnaces and more completely than oil and can operate in short intervals so that they are not always running, thus saving you more money.
3. Rebates – The Canadian and your provincial government often offer incentives and rebates for switching from oil to a new high-efficiency furnace.
4. Natural gas vs propane – Natural gas is a great alternative to both oil and electrical furnaces, and even propane furnaces if you live in an urban area where gas lines can be easily hooked up to the local supply. Natural gas is very economical and costs about a third less than even propane.
5. Constant supply – When you convert a furnace to natural gas, you no longer have to worry about refilling tanks. Unlike oil (and propane) furnaces that need a tank of regularly replenished fuel, natural gas furnaces run off of the municipal supply.

Choosing Between Propane and Natural Gas

In most urban and suburban areas, natural gas is readily available and the infrastructure is already in place. Conversely, many people don’t have space to house a propane tank on their property.

In rural areas, on the other hand, it’s possible that natural gas might not be an option because there’s no infrastructure, and propane may be your only choice. 

If you’re able to choose, here are some things to consider:

• You’ll need to have your propane tank inspected regularly
• Propane is more efficient than natural gas
• Natural gas is more affordable than propane
• Propane burns cleaner than natural gas
• Natural gas doesn’t require a storage tank or regular delivery

How to Convert a Furnace: Process & Important Considerations

There are different processes involved depending on which kind of furnace you are converting from but overall, the benefits of converting a furnace from oil or electric heating are many. Take a look at the following breakdown of the process so you can get a better handle on what may be involved.

1) What is your current heating system?

• Converting from an Existing Forced-Air System – If you’re converting a furnace but already have a forced air oil/electric system in place, the process will be much easier. If you are unsure of what kind of system you have, you can contact a local contractor to let you know. In this case, the cost mostly amounts to the cost of the new furnace itself, plus a bit more than usual for the installation. In total, you might expect to spend $3500 – $8000 to switch from an oil or electric forced air furnace to a high-efficiency propane or natural gas system.
• Converting from Electric Baseboard Heating or a Boiler System – In this case, your home most likely doesn’t have any ductwork, which makes the switch much more complicated and costly. Installing ductwork throughout your house is a big job, and usually requires a heat-loss calculation be done by an engineer (costs about $500 – 800) in order to determine where the heating ducts will go. Then a contractor must install all the ducts and venting, before the furnace can be installed. Think carefully about whether this type of conversion is worth all the expense, as it can easily run well over $10,000 when all is said and done. Alternatively, you may be able to install ductless mini-split heat pump units instead.

2) What heat are you converting a furnace to?

• Converting to Natural Gas – Natural gas powered furnaces are the most common type in Canada. Many people opt to run natural gas to heat their homes because it is more economical and tends to require less work. If you do want to convert a furnace to natural gas, you should start by getting in touch with the local gas company. The process is usually easy and involves running an extension from the main line in your neighbourhood to your home and furnace. Most gas utility companies will cover this cost, provided the infrastructure is already present in your neighbourhood.
• Converting to Propane – One of the main reasons that people choose propane to fuel their furnaces is that they live in rural areas where natural gas infrastructure is not available. Propane tends to be more expensive than natural gas (about 60 cents – $1.20 per litre) and there needs to be a large tank installed either on the side of the house or underground to house the fuel.

Hiring a Professional: Importance of Proper Installation and Conversion

There are tons of reasons to hire a licensed HVAC pro to convert a furnace, and above all is safety.

You need to be sure an oil tank is removed without spills, that gas lines are hooked up without leaks, and that your furnace is installed properly to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning and fire hazards.

But safety isn’t the only thing to think about. Here are other reasons it’s a good idea to hire a pro:

• Compliance with local building codes and regulations
• Converting a furnace involves technical knowledge of each system’s mechanical and electrical components
• Specialized tools and equipment may be required
• Making sure your furnace is compatible with the fuel type you want
• Sizing your new furnace correctly for your home
• Many furnace manufacturers require that installations and conversions be performed by licensed professionals to maintain warranties
• Many HVAC companies offer additional warranties when they install the furnace
• Making sure the system is optimized for the most efficient performance

Cost Considerations: Budgeting for Furnace Conversion Expenses

These are some of the most common costs associated with converting a furnace from gas/electricity to natural gas or propane:

• New thermostat
• New furnace
• Labour and installation
• Materials
• Modifications to ductwork
• Additional ventilation
• Permits
• Installing the fuel lines
• Propane tank and fill
• Removal and disposal of the old furnace

How much does it cost to convert a furnace from oil/electricity to gas?

The average cost to convert a furnace to natural gas or propane in Canada can range anywhere from $5,000 to $15,000.

However, you can expect to see immediate savings on your heating bills to offset the cost of converting a furnace.

In fact, some estimates suggest you could save as much as $1,500 or more a year on fuel costs if you convert a furnace from oil/electricity to propane or natural gas.

Check for rebates that might help with the cost, especially if you’re converting from an oil furnace.

Where to Start

In any case, the best place to start is by calling your local gas company and finding out which options are available to you. If you do have an electrical heater that depends on baseboards or sub-floor radiators, the process will be more expensive, invasive and time-consuming since a contractor will need to install ductwork.

Once you have made the decision to convert a furnace to propane or natural gas, it is very important to have a professional come out to your home and conduct a free estimate to assess your needs and provide an accurate cost.

Based on the square footage of your home, its insulation and the number of rooms you have in it, this will determine the correct size and BTU output of furnace you will need to sufficiently warm your home.

Most likely, the process will start with having the gas utility company run a line to the main (for natural gas) or a propane company installing a tank on your property either above or below ground.

Afterwards, you can request free in-home estimates from local distributors and contractors simply by filling out the form on this website.

Steps Involved to Convert a Furnace

The first step when you want to convert a furnace is to choose a licensed HVAC professional to do the job. Don’t be afraid to get multiple quotes from various companies.

Once you choose a professional to work with, they’ll be able to walk you through the process and help you choose a new heating system for your home. That includes assessing available fuel alternatives and deciding between propane or natural gas.

From there, the HVAC pro can help you evaluate your ductwork to see if any upgrades are needed. 

The gas lines must also be installed, and if you’ve opted for propane, the tank must be installed and hooked up.

The next step is removing the existing equipment, including the oil tank if you have oil heating. Once the old furnace is gone and the new/upgraded infrastructure is in place, your new furnace can be installed and fine-tuned.

Safety Considerations: Ensuring Proper Ventilation and Leak Detection

Modern furnaces have many safety features, but dangers still exist.

Natural gas and propane furnaces produce carbon monoxide, and proper ventilation stops it from accumulating indoors and causing poor indoor air quality and potentially carbon monoxide poisoning.

What’s more, gas leaks can happen, which can lead to explosions. Ensuring that gas lines are properly maintained and that any leaks are detected early minimizes this risk.

This is another reason professional installation is so important. A trained HVAC pro will make sure your furnace is properly ventilated, that exhaust gasses are exiting the house, and that the gas lines are hooked up properly.

They can also talk to you about the importance of having carbon monoxide detectors in the home, even if your furnace has a built-in gas leak detector.

Environmental Impact: Exploring the Eco-Friendly Aspects of Conversion

Converting a furnace from oil to natural gas or propane has many environmental benefits, including:

• No more risk of oil leaks on the property (a very small amount of oil can contaminate a lot of soil or water)
• Oil produces much higher carbon dioxide emissions, contributing to air pollution
• Oil combustion also emits other harmful pollutants, including nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide
• Natural gas and propane have far lower greenhouse gas emissions
• Better indoor air quality
• Improved efficiency and lower fuel requirements

Maintenance and Long-Term Care: Ensuring Optimal Performance After Conversion

After you convert a furnace to gas or propane, you still have to take care of regular maintenance. This will keep your furnace working at peak efficiency for as long as possible.

One of the most important things you can do to ensure the longevity of your new furnace is to have it inspected and serviced annually by a licensed HVAC technician.

You should also change or clean the filter every one to three months for efficiency and improved air quality.

Finally, you can also clean the major components annually, including the blower motor, heat exchanger, burner, flame sensor, and vents.

Conclusion: Enjoying the Benefits of a Converted Furnace

Converting a furnace from oil/electricity to natural gas or propane is an investment, but it can have many benefits, including lower energy bills, improved air quality, lower environmental impact, more predictable heating bills, lower home insurance premiums, and higher home value.

When you’re ready, contact experienced local HVAC companies for quotes. The right technician will help you every step of the way, including with removal and installation, gas line hookups, safety, finding rebates, and getting the best warranty protection.

FAQ

Can an oil furnace be converted to natural gas and is it worth it to convert a furnace?

Some oil furnaces can be converted to natural gas or propane with a conversion kit. Only a licensed HVAC pro should perform the conversion. If your oil furnace is 10 to 15 years old, damaged, or requiring repairs, it’s not likely worth the cost to convert it, and you’re probably better off replacing it.

Can I convert my oil heating to natural gas or propane?

In many places, it is possible and likely beneficial to convert your oil heating system to natural gas or propane.

However, there are some places in Canada where you’re not allowed to convert a furnace from one fossil fuel to another. In Quebec, for example, you can’t convert from oil to propane or natural gas—you would have to switch to electric heating, such as a heat pump.

An experienced HVAC professional in your area will know about potential restrictions and help you make the right choice for your heating system upgrade.

It is estimated that around 45% of Canada’s emissions come from the burning of fossil fuels to heat our homes. When you add rising utility prices into the mix with the environmental cost, keeping warm starts to have quite a high price. So do you know how to ensure your costs are not being wasted? One way is by checking the efficiency of a furnace and deciding if it is time to replace it.

Read on as we discuss if you should repair or replace a 20-year-old furnace. 

How Efficient Is a 20-Year-Old Furnace?

Any furnace that has been in use for 20 years is at the end of its lifespan. Even higher-end systems with little use will be in need of replacement. Parts will have suffered wear, tear and the process of ageing. 

In addition to this, furnace technology has improved dramatically in the last ten years alone. This has meant new furnaces display increased energy efficiency, cutting down on your utility bills. While a new furnace may seem like a large financial outlay, you will save money in utilities as well furnace repair costs.

A furnace older than 12 years, while still able to run, won’t be as energy-efficient. If you want to save money and increase the energy rating for your property, you may consider switching even if your furnace still has life in it. 

Signs Your Furnace Needs Replacing

There are a number of signs that tell you if your furnace is struggling. If you detect any of the following, it may be time for a replacement. 

Repairs Are More Frequent

As the equipment ages, you will tend to need more furnace repair appointments. These may start off slowly with the odd replacement part. As the age increases, these will begin to snowball and the cost of repairs may be just as much as a new furnace altogether. 

Uneven Heating

Uneven heating, characterised by hot and cold spots, can occur for many reasons. One of these may be that you have an older furnace that is not producing the heat needed or not delivering it with consistency. 

Rising Utility Costs

Utility costs are rising regardless, so an increase may just tie in with national prices. However, if your fuel bills are spiraling out of control, far in excess of energy company hikes, then the furnace is probably to blame. As it ages and deteriorates, it will need to work even harder, using up more power with diminishing gains. 

The Flame Is Yellow

The flame in your furnace should be blue. This shows clean, safe gas is being burnt. When it burns yellow and flickers, it is a sign that the ratio of fuel to air is incorrect.

Flames of this colour indicate dangerous conditions. When the furnace isn’t burning the right mixture of gas and oxygen, it can produce poisonous carbon monoxide. You can install carbon monoxide detectors around the furnace and in the home to warn you of its presence. 

Another sign of poor combustion is black soot around the furnace. 

How to Replace an Old Furnace

If you have decided to replace your furnace, then don’t do it alone. Both the removal and installation of a furnace are not only complicated but extremely dangerous. Contact an experienced HVAC company to assist you. 

They will begin with the removal of the old appliance. This will be done in a safe, controlled manner dealing with the utility supplies attached to the system. After this, they will dispose of the old parts in a responsible fashion. 

Then, they will install the new furnace for you. Expect to get advice on the most suitable products for your needs and the best choices to make. 

Advantages of a New Furnace

There are a number of advantages to the installation of a new furnace. Some of the most important are listed below. 

Better Air Quality

Furnace filters should be replaced every six months, but they seldom are. When left alone, they don’t do their job well, and they fill the home with dirt, dust, pollutants, and allergens. If poor air quality is your only issue, then check the filters before ordering a whole new furnace. In some cases, a new furnace might still be the answer.

Finally, old furnaces can be a health hazard in themselves. When they develop cracks in the heat exchanger, carbon monoxide can leak into the home. This is an odourless and colourless gas that can kill. Technicians are obligated to red-tag your furnace if this type of issue is discovered.

Avoiding Surprise Costs

When a furnace ages, it is more likely to break down as parts wear out. If you have not budgeted for these, it can come as an unnecessary shock. 

You have two options to prevent surprises. The first is to schedule regular maintenance, so an HVAC technician can tell you what problems are about to occur. With this option, you still need to pay for repairs and the maintenance cost. 

The second is simply to get a new furnace. You can expect increased efficiency and if something does go wrong, most will come with a warranty. 

Utility Savings

As mentioned before, older furnaces do not have the energy efficiency new ones do. As parts degrade and break, this gets even worse. New furnaces will provide you with a marked increase in energy savings, while also lowering your carbon footprint. 

Repair or Replace?

Now you know the value of furnace replacement, speak with an HVAC expert. They will look at your system and tell you what problems are ahead. They can estimate a cost for the repair, and you can cross-reference this with the price of a new boiler. 

Your first stop for a new furnace should be FurnacePrices.ca. We can help you find a new furnace to suit your budget. Click here for an immediate quote and speak with one of our expert staff. 

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If you’re experiencing common furnace issues, troubleshooting them yourself might save you time and money. For practical solutions to some of the most frequently encountered furnace problems, check out our Furnace Troubleshooting Guide. This comprehensive guide covers everything from inadequate heating to strange noises, helping you identify potential issues before calling for professional help.

Oil heating isn’t as common as it once was, mainly because natural gas is cheaper for many people. However, in Canada’s Northern Territories and in the Atlantic Canada maritime provinces, many homes still rely on oil furnaces to stay warm because natural gas isn’t an option everywhere.

This guide will cover everything you need to know about oil furnaces, including their advantages and disadvantages, how much they cost, what goes into installing one, and more.

What Is an Oil Furnace and How Does It Work?

An oil furnace is a device used to heat a home by burning heating oil using electricity to produce warmth. Although it’s been a traditional heating option for decades, most countries, including Canada, are phasing it out.

When your home gets too cold, a thermostat notices and signals the furnace to warm things up. The furnace then pumps oil from a tank to a burner, turning it into warm air or hot water, depending on your system (central forced-air system or hydronic heating system).

For homes with air systems, also known as central forced-air systems, a network of ducts spreads the heated air around your house.

If your home uses a water system, also known as hydronic heating, the oil furnace heats water that’s then moved to either baseboards or radiators to give off heat.

Sizing and Heating Capacity

The size of the furnace you need depends on several factors, including the size of your home, its insulation quality, the climate you live in, and your personal heating preferences.

Here’s a simplified chart to show the relationship between home size and the required furnace capacity, measured in BTUs (British Thermal Units).

Oil Furnace Efficiency Ratings

Efficiency ratings for oil furnaces are measured by their Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) percentage, which tells you how much fuel becomes heat for your home. Most new oil furnaces have between 84% and 90% AFUE ratings and don’t burn as efficiently as gas ones, ranging from the legal minimum to more efficient models up to 98% AFUE.

However, if you have an older furnace that hasn’t been well-maintained, its efficiency could drop to the 60s or even lower.

If you use 2,500 liters of heating oil over winter, at CAD 1.69 per liter, your total cost for heating oil would be CAD 4,225.

With an 85% efficiency rating, your effective heat usage is 2,125 liters (85% of 2,500 liters), and the cost for the heat actually used is approximately CAD 3,591.25. The rest, CAD 633.75, essentially pays for the system’s inefficiency.

Tip: Combine a heat pump with an oil furnace backup for an efficient heating solution. It provides adequate cooling and heating for most of the year, with the oil furnace kicking in for extra warmth during colder temperatures.

To know more, you can read our detailed guide on hybrid heating.

Oil Furnace Environmental Impact

While generally not emitting carbon monoxide into homes, oil furnaces contribute significantly to environmental pollution.

According to the Quebec government, oil heating systems produce around a million tonnes of CO2 annually, equivalent to the emissions from 300,000 cars. Besides CO2, these systems also emit nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, and fine particles, which can harm health and the environment.

In response, Canadian provinces are taking action:

• Quebec has banned oil-powered heating in new construction projects as of December 31.
• Nova Scotia plans to ban oil-fired heating equipment in new buildings by 2025.

Other Canadian provinces still permit using oil furnaces but with specific conditions focusing on efficiency and emissions to minimize environmental impact.

Furthermore, due to the carbon tax, heating oil costs are likely to increase, making other heating sources like heat pumps more cost-effective, in addition to being better for the environment.

How Much Does an Oil Furnace Cost?

An oil furnace typically costs between $5,000 and $7,000, with some high-efficiency models reaching up to $10,000. For those considering a replacement, the average cost is similar to other furnace types and ranges from $3,500 to $6,000.

Here’s a table showcasing some of the best brands for oil furnaces and their costs:

Additional Furnace Installation Costs

Pros and Cons of Oil Furnaces

Oil furnaces are a traditional choice for many, offering specific advantages and disadvantages compared to natural gas or electric systems.

Pros

1. Cost-Effective Replacement in Certain Cases: Replacing an old oil furnace may be more cost-effective initially than converting to gas or propane, but is likely to be more expensive in the long run.
2. Control: Homeowners have complete control over their oil supply without reliance on utility companies.
3. Heating Output: Some oil furnaces have higher BTU output.
4. Independence: These systems don’t require pipeline infrastructure, offering flexibility in remote locations.

Cons

1. Storage: Oil heating requires a storage tank, adding complexity and space requirements.
2. Higher Operating Costs: Day-to-day running costs are higher than those for gas furnaces.
3. Maintenance: Oil systems need frequent maintenance and cleaning due to soot and dirt.
4. Price Volatility: Oil prices can fluctuate widely, similar to gasoline, affecting heating costs.
5. Supply Management: Homeowners must monitor and replenish their oil supply.
6. System Separation: Unlike integrated HVAC systems, oil heating and air conditioning systems are separate, potentially requiring services from different providers.
7. Limited Service Providers: Fewer technicians specialize in oil furnace maintenance due to its decreasing popularity.
8. Higher Home Insurance Costs: Many insurance companies may charge substantially higher premiums due to the perceived risk of having a large oil tank in your home.

Installation and Maintenance Tips

Here are some essential tips to keep your oil-powered heating system in top condition:

• Change Your Air Filter Regularly: Aim to replace the air filter at least twice yearly to maintain air quality and furnace efficiency.
• Inspect the Furnace Area: Before each heating season, check around your furnace. Ensure nothing is hitting it, and keep the area clear within a two-foot radius. Look for any buildup on the floor around your furnace. If you spot anything, avoid touching it and call an HVAC professional.
• Annual System Inspection: Have a professional inspect your system before the onset of cold weather to ensure it’s in good working condition.
• Keep Flammables Away: Keep clothing, boxes, newspapers, and other flammable materials away from the furnace. These items can easily catch fire and may also void any service agreements.
• Monitor Your Fuel Level: Regularly check your heating oil levels to avoid running out in the middle of winter. Ensuring you have enough fuel is critical, especially during peak cold periods. In an emergency, you can use kerosene or diesel to run your furnace (not recommended for long-term usage).
• Cleaning Your Furnace: For cleaning, first, turn off your furnace and let it cool down to avoid any burns. Then, use a vacuum with a hose attachment to remove dust and debris around the unit.
• Don’t Turn Off Furnace in Summer: Turning off your oil furnace in the summer is not recommended. Keeping it on prevents the system from seizing and remains ready for use when temperatures drop.

Oil Furnace Considerations

Here are key considerations tailored to homeowners looking to understand and possibly choose an oil furnace for their heating needs:

• Assess Your Space: Consider the size and insulation quality of your home. A larger, less insulated space will require a furnace with a higher BTU output for efficient heating.
• Operating Costs: Be aware that oil prices can be volatile, potentially leading to higher operating costs over time. Compare these costs with those of alternative heating options.
• Service Availability: Given the fewer service providers for oil furnaces, check the availability of qualified technicians in your area.
• Fuel Storage: Consider the logistics of oil storage, including tank size, location, and the need for regular refills. If propane is more readily available or cost-effective in your area, consider installing a gas conversion burner to easily switch your system from oil to propane or natural gas.
• Longevity and Upgrades: Think about the longevity of the system and the potential for future upgrades. As energy prices and technologies evolve, ensure your furnace can be efficiently operated or replaced.
• Regulations: Stay informed about local and national regulations regarding your area’s oil furnace installations, emissions, and potential bans or restrictions.

For more information: Complete Furnace Buying Guide

Oil Furnaces vs Other Furnaces

Let’s talk about how different types of furnaces stack up against oil furnaces and what factors you should consider when choosing.

Electric Furnace vs Oil Furnace

• Efficiency and Operating Costs: Electric furnaces are known for their high efficiency, often operating at 100% since all the electricity directly produces heat. However, that doesn’t mean they are cheaper. In fact, they are way more expensive to run than an oil furnace.
• Installation and Maintenance: Electric furnaces are generally cheaper and easier to install than oil furnaces, as they don’t require a fuel storage tank or a chimney for exhaust. Maintenance for electric furnaces is also typically more straightforward and less costly, with no need for fuel delivery or cleaning of combustion by-products.
• Environmental Impact: Electric furnaces produce no on-site emissions, making them a cleaner option environmentally.
• Durability and Lifespan: An electric furnace might offer a longer, less troubled service life due to its simplicity. However, an oil furnace can also be durable with diligent maintenance.

Propane Furnace vs Oil Furnace

• Efficiency and Operating Costs: Propane furnaces generally offer higher efficiency and cheaper operating costs than oil furnaces.
• Environmental Impact: Propane burns cleaner than oil, producing fewer emissions, such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and particulates.
• Installation and Maintenance: Both propane and oil furnaces require a storage tank and regular fuel deliveries. However, propane tanks can be either above or below ground and are subject to stricter regulations because propane is a gas under pressure.
• Safety and Storage: Both fuels require safe storage, but propane, a gas at room temperature and pressure, poses different risks than liquid heating oil. Propane tanks are built to withstand pressure and are equipped with safety valves. Still, leaks can lead to explosive hazards if the gas is not handled properly. In the case of an oil furnace, an explosion is very unlikely.

Comparing Brands and Models

As the Government of Canada moves towards phasing out oil furnaces to encourage more environmentally friendly heating solutions, the availability of oil furnaces from major brands has become more limited.

However, several reputable brands still offer quality oil furnaces for those in need.

Armstrong

Armstrong offers a range of oil furnaces from $3,400 to $10,300, including installation. These units, featuring Variable Speed Blower and Single-Stage Performance, achieve a maximum efficiency of 85%.

Originating from the Lennox Furnace Company in 1928, Armstrong provides dependable options for homeowners seeking efficient heating solutions.

Carrier

Carrier’s oil furnaces are priced between $3,800 and $9,000 with installation. Known for their ultra-quiet operation, Carrier furnaces offer modulating and two-stage heating, achieving up to 87.5% AFUE. Some models are ENERGY STAR® certified.

Since its acquisition by United Technologies Corporation in 1979, Carrier has maintained its reputation for quality and innovation, though at a premium price point, reflecting its standing in the HVAC industry.

Lennox

With prices ranging from $4,200 to $9,500, including installation, Lennox positions itself as a premium brand in the oil furnace market.

Offering units with a maximum efficiency of 85%, Lennox caters to homeowners prioritizing advanced technology and efficiency in their heating solutions.

Lennox is a noteworthy option for those willing to invest in a higher-end heating system despite the higher cost.

Rheem

Rheem’s Classic Series oil furnaces, available for $4,000 to $10,000 with installation, offer up to 86.5% AFUE. Rheem, owned by The Paloma Group, is known for balancing cost and efficiency, providing several models to fit different heating needs.

While Rheem furnaces are lauded for their reliability, they represent a middle ground in the market, offering solid performance without leading the pack in innovation or advanced features.

Trane

Trane’s oil furnaces, including the 85 Single-Stage Variable Speed and the 80 Single-Stage models, are priced between $3,800 and $9,400, installation included.

As a brand acquired by Ingersoll Rand in 2008, Trane is recognized for manufacturing products in the USA, appealing to homeowners seeking American-made reliability.

Conclusion

With options from top brands like Armstrong, Carrier, Lennox, Rheem, and Trane, finding the furnace that aligns with your needs and budget is crucial.

As Canada’s go-to source for heating & air conditioning insights and quotes, we’re here to simplify your decision. We offer clear, no-obligation quotes to help you compare the best furnace tailored to your home.

Ready to find your ideal furnace? Get in touch for your free quote today.

Electric furnaces are increasingly becoming a popular choice amongst Canadians. Why? They’re reliable and run clean without relying on fossil fuels.

In this guide, we will discuss the top electric furnace brands available in Canada, their costs, and reviews. We will also compare the advantages and disadvantages of electric furnaces over their gas counterparts.

What Is an Electric Furnace and How Does It Work?

An electric furnace is a heating system that uses electric heating elements to warm air distributed throughout a building.

Electric furnaces have been part of home heating solutions for many years. Their extensive history dates back to their emergence in the early 18th century.

The main difference between an electric and a gas furnace is their heat source and operation method. Unlike gas furnaces that burn natural gas or propane to generate heat, electric furnaces convert electricity directly into heat through heating elements made of metal coils.

Canada’s government advises an electric furnace should not have an input rate of more than 65.92 kW (225,000 Btu/h).

Heating and Cooling With an Electric Furnace

While an electric furnace excels at heating, integrating it with an air conditioning unit allows for a unified heating and cooling system.

Split Systems are the solution for heating and cooling, featuring an outdoor condenser and an indoor air handler (your furnace). This setup enables the furnace to circulate heated and cooled air, depending on the season, without directly cooling the air.

Electric Furnace Sizes

Here’s the electric furnace output needed for different home sizes across various climate zones.

The climate zones are categorized as mild, moderate, and cold, each requiring a different BTU per square foot estimate:

• Mild climates: Approximately 30 BTUs per square foot
• Moderate climates: Approximately 45 BTUs per square foot
• Cold climates: Approximately 60 BTUs per square foot

Electric Furnace Heating Process — Step-by-Step

Electric furnaces work like a hair dryer. The process of an electric furnace works as follows:

1. When the home temperature drops below the thermostat setting, it sends an electrical signal to the furnace to start heating.
2. The signal causes relays within the furnace to close, enabling electricity to flow to the heating elements.
3. The heating elements resist the electrical flow, causing them to heat up rapidly.
4. The furnace’s blower motor activates to draw room-temperature air into the furnace through the return air ducts.
5. This air moves over the hot heating elements, absorbing heat and increasing temperature.
6. The blower forces the heated air through the furnace’s heat exchanger into the home’s ductwork.
7. The ductwork distributes the warm air throughout the house via vents.
8. Once the indoor temperature matches the thermostat setting, the thermostat signals the furnace to stop heating.
9. The blower may continue to run briefly, pushing the remaining warm air into the house to use residual heat efficiently.
10. The system goes into standby mode until the temperature drops again, restarting the cycle as needed.

Parts of an Electric Furnace

Electric furnaces convert electricity directly into heat using heating elements. On the other hand, gas furnaces burn fuel to create heat, requiring additional components like a gas valve, burner assembly, and exhaust flue to manage combustion and venting safely.

Here’s a breakdown of the main parts of an electric furnace and their functions:

• Thermostat: Controls the indoor temperature by signaling the furnace to heat up or shut down, maintaining your desired comfort level.
• Heating Elements: The primary source of heat in an electric furnace. These elements (made of nickel-chromium) heat up as electricity flows through them.
• Blower Motor: Circulates warm air throughout your home and evenly distributes air for consistent warmth.
• Air Filter: Cleans the air passing through the furnace, improving your home’s air quality by trapping dust and other particles.
• Heat Exchanger: Safely contains the heating process, ensuring only clean, warm air is circulated into your living spaces.
• Return Air Ducts: Channels that return cooler air from the house to the furnace for reheating, crucial for efficient air circulation.
• Supply Ducts: Distribute the heated air from the furnace throughout your home to maintain comfortable temperatures.
• Sequencer: Controls the order in which heating elements activate, ensuring balanced heating and electrical load management.
• Relays and Transformers: Manage electrical connections and power distribution to the heating elements and blower motor, ensuring safe operation.
• Emergency Shut-off Switches: Provide a safety mechanism to turn off the furnace immediately if a malfunction is detected, preventing potential hazards.

Best Electric Furnace Brands

Not all HVAC brands carry electric furnaces, but there are a few reputable brands that do. Here’s a look at some of the top brands offering electric furnaces:

Goodman

Goodman owns and manufactures the Direct Comfort brand, which is available exclusively online. Direct Comfort electric furnaces are less expensive than Goodman’s despite having the same manufacturing process and warranty conditions.

The heating capacity of Goodman electric furnaces spans from 10,240 to 68,240 BTUs. They have a lifespan of 15 to 30 years. However, there may be a slight decrease in efficiency after the 15-year mark. The price range can be anywhere from $3,600 to $5,000 (including installation)

Read also: Goodman Furnace Review & Buying Guide.

Trane

Trane is another brand that offers electric heating solutions through a different product line: wall-mounted electric unit heaters. Trane units are designed for those seeking efficient, space-saving heating options, and the range offers heaters with capacities from 5,119 to 16,380 BTUs per hour.

They have a lightweight design, with all units weighing less than 30 pounds. Trane offers a broad selection of pre-engineered, factory-installed control options. This means a smoother, more straightforward setup process for homeowners and installers alike.

York

York electric furnaces caters to those on a tight budget, offering units priced between $1,200 to $2,300 or $2,600 to $7,400 with installation included. This brand is affordable for homeowners needing efficient heating without a hefty investment.

While York may not offer the most advanced features on the market, its electric furnaces are reliable and get the job done, making them a practical option for everyday heating needs.

York manufactures all residential HVAC products in Wichita, Kansas.

Dettson

Dettson distinguishes itself in the electric furnace market as the sole manufacturer offering modulating and 2-stage furnaces with capacities at the lower end of the spectrum, specifically 15 kBTU and 30 kBTUs.

The company’s Chinook line introduces further versatility with its capability to be powered by propane with the help of a conversion kit.

Dettson supports its products with a 10-year warranty on parts for residential applications.

Winchester

Winchester positions itself within the electric furnace market with its forced air furnaces, priced between $1,200 and $1,400. The brand offers a standard 5-year limited warranty on parts.

Notably, some units from Winchester come equipped with a maintenance-free adjustable speed ECM (Electronically Commutated Motor) constant torque blower. This feature is particularly beneficial as it supports 2 to 3.5-ton air conditioning and heat pump applications.

How Much Does an Electric Furnace Cost in Canada?

The cost of an electric furnace in Canada can vary widely depending on the type of furnace, installation requirements, and additional upgrades or modifications needed for your home.

• Mobile Home Electric Furnaces: These are typically priced between $1,000 and $2,000. They are designed specifically for compact spaces within mobile homes.
• High-efficiency Electric Furnaces: For those looking for more energy savings, high-efficiency models range from $1,200 to $7,000.

Use our furnace cost calculator to get estimated prices.

Here’s a breakdown of the expenses you might encounter:

Removal of Old Furnace

If replacing an existing furnace, the removal cost usually falls between $500 and $600.

Ductwork

If your home doesn’t have ductwork, installing it can cost between $1,500 and $7,000. The price depends on the installation’s complexity and your home’s size. If your home already has ducts installed, they may still need cleaning, which might cost up to $500.

Installation Labor Costs

Installing an electric furnace involves labor costs ranging from $50 to $100 per hour. The installation process typically takes around 10 hours, depending on the job’s complexity.

Electrical Circuit and Wiring:

Upgrading your electrical system to handle the new furnace can cost between $500 and $2,000 if additional amperage is needed. This ensures your home’s electrical system can safely support the furnace’s operation.

Permits and Inspections

Some localities require permits and inspections for new furnace installations. These permit fees can range from $100 to $500, depending on your area’s regulations.

Gas vs. Electric Furnace Operational Cost

Although electric furnaces are 100% efficient, the cost of electricity compared to gas can make them seem more expensive to operate.

For example, producing the same amount of heat might cost about 10 times more with an electric system than with a gas system in some areas.

Generally speaking, the electric furnace’s monthly operating cost can exceed $500 or even $1,000, based on a usage of 9 hours per day at a power consumption rate of 18000 watts and an electricity price of $0.192 per kWh (National Canadian Average).

However, this doesn’t mean electric furnaces are a bad choice. Electric furnaces are a viable option in areas where gas is unavailable or if you’re looking for a safer, simpler heating solution without venting exhaust gasses.

To make electric heating more affordable, consider these strategies:

• Energy Efficiency Upgrades: Improving your home’s insulation and sealing leaks can significantly reduce the amount of heat needed, making electric heating more cost-effective.
• Time-of-Use Rates: Some utilities offer lower electricity rates during off-peak hours, which can make electric heating more economical.
• Utilize Solar Panels: If you want a long-term strategy to reduce electric heating costs, consider investing in solar panels.

If you’re still concerned about the higher operational costs of electric heating, heat pumps can be a compelling alternative. They work by transferring heat from the outside air into your home during the winter, and they can achieve efficiency rates of over 300%.

When Should I Consider an Electric Furnace?

Electric furnaces can be more expensive than gas furnaces due to higher energy costs. However, there are several factors to consider that make an electric furnace the right choice for you.

• Availability of Utilities: If natural gas is not readily available in your area (parts of Newfoundland and Labrador or remote communities in the territories), an electric furnace becomes a practical choice. In regions where connecting to a gas line is not feasible or overly expensive, electric heating offers a viable alternative.
• Environmental Considerations: For Canadians prioritizing a lower carbon footprint, electric furnaces are attractive, especially in provinces like Quebec, British Columbia, and Manitoba, where a significant portion of electricity is generated from renewable sources like hydroelectric power.
• Installation and Maintenance Costs: Generally, electric furnaces are cheaper to install than gas furnaces. They don’t require gas lines or venting systems, which can reduce initial installation costs.
• Safety: Electric furnaces eliminate the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning and gas leaks, offering a safer alternative for your home. If safety concerns are paramount for you, this might tilt the balance in favor of electric heating.
• Cost of Electricity vs. Gas: This is a crucial consideration. In provinces where electricity costs are relatively low, such as Quebec, or where gas prices are higher, the operational costs of an electric furnace might be comparable to gas heating.
• Future Plans: If you’re considering transitioning your home to be more energy-efficient or installing solar panels, an electric furnace could integrate well with these future upgrades.

Things to Consider While Choosing an Electric Furnace

There are several key factors you’ll need to consider to ensure you get a system that meets your heating needs efficiently and cost-effectively.

Square Footage

The size of the furnace, measured in BTUs (British Thermal Units), should match the area to be heated.

Remember that the cost can vary due to factors like furnace efficiency, brand, and installation complexities.

CFM Rating

When selecting an electric furnace, you’ll come across different models based on their ratings of CFM (Cubic Feet per Minute). CFM measures how much air the furnace blower can move each minute.

Here’s a simple breakdown to help you understand what each CFM rating means for your home:

For example, if you have a 4-ton air conditioning system, you need a furnace that can handle enough airflow. Since each ton of air conditioning requires about 400 CFM, a 4-ton system would need 400 CFM x 4 tons = 1600 CFM.

Therefore, for a 4-ton AC system, you should choose a furnace that provides at least 1600 CFM. You could choose a 1600 CFM or a 2000 CFM electric furnace based on the options listed.

Type of Electric Heating System

Here’s a simple breakdown of the five basic types of electric heating systems available in Canada:

1. Forced-air Systems: These systems push heated air through ducts in your home. They can use electric resistance heating, heat pumps, or both to warm the air.
2. Hydronic or Hot Water Systems: These use water heated by an electric boiler to warm your home. The hot water circulates through radiators or underfloor pipes to distribute heat.
3. Room Heaters: Perfect for heating individual rooms or small spaces, these standalone units come in various styles and can be easily installed where needed.
4. Radiant Systems: These provide heat directly from the floor, panels, or ceilings, offering a comfortable warmth without circulating air, ideal for reducing allergens.
5. Combination Systems with Plenum Heaters: Installed in the hot air plenum of your central furnace, these systems add electric heating to your existing furnace.

Installation Location

Ductwork installation is generally cheaper in attics and basements where access is easier, reducing hourly labor costs. Also, installing ducts in living areas often requires additional construction work, like removing and replacing drywall, increasing labor and material costs.

Get Quotes for Installing Electric Furnaces

Looking for a new electric furnace? Let us help make it easy. At FurnacePrices.ca, you can get free quotes from trusted local HVAC contractors. There’s no pressure to buy.

We check all our partners to ensure you get advice and quotes from the best. Just fill out a quick form and get the necessary information to choose the right furnace. Get free quotes today.

✔ Expert-reviewed for accuracy and completeness.

You May Also be Interested in Reading:

The Best Furnaces – What to Buy

Furnace Prices and Replacement Costs

The average cost of buying a new furnace, or replacing your furnace in Canada varies based on a variety of factors. Typically, a new residential gas furnace including installation, will cost between $4,000 – $6,500 on average.

This price is just a general estimate of course, and you’ll typically have to get a free in-home estimate done by a local HVAC contractor to get an actual price based on your home and your needs, and budget.

Things that can affect the price include:

• Where you live (prices can vary by region/city/province, as well as rural vs urban areas)
• Your home (the size and age of your home can impact the type and size of furnace needed; every home is different)
• How old your current system is (older systems may need more retrofitting work to meet modern building codes)
• Is it a conversion? If you’re converting from oil or electric to gas or propane, this will typically be a bit more complex and expensive
• The brand and model of furnace you buy

These are some of the main factors that will affect the price of a new high-efficiency furnace for Canadian homeowners.

Top Furnace Brands

There are many furnace brands sold in Canada. They all have their pros and cons, however in most cases their products are actually quite similar.

Some of the most popular brands include:

• Lennox
• Carrier
• Goodman
• KeepRite
• Amana
• Trane
• Rheem
• Ruud
• Payne
• Napoleon
• York
• among many others

See our list of the Best Furnaces for more recommendation on which furnace brand and which model you should you buy.

Important Considerations About Furnace Reliability

One of a homeowner’s main concerns when buying a new furnace is which brand is most reliable and which one they should buy. But while some may be considered better than others, there is no definitive answer.

The reliability of a furnace often depends on a variety of factors, including how well maintained it is, if it’s properly-sized for your home, and importantly, the quality of workmanship on the installation.

Something most Canadian homeowners may not realize is that the HVAC contractor you select to buy your furnace from is just as important as the brand of furnace you choose.

Why? Because not only do you want an established and experienced company that will do a good job (just like any other home renovation job), but you will also be relying on this company to provide ongoing support.

That’s why we recommend choosing a company that offers a good warranty on the labour and installation (ideally, at least 1 year). And most importantly, they should have all the necessary licenses and certifications, insurance, and a good reputation.

That’s why we at FurnacePrices.ca created our independent 15-point Certification program to make choosing a reliable and trusted local HVAC contractor quick and easy for Canadians!

When Should You Replace Your Furnace?

1. Age of your furnace: If your furnace is over 15-20 years old there’s a good chance that it is not a particularly energy-efficient model or that it may no longer be operating at its initial efficiency level. Many homeowners don’t have their furnaces cleaned and properly maintained every year, which leads to a gradual reduction in operating efficiency. You may be surprised to learn that your 15, 20 or 25-year old furnace is actually only operating at 50 – 60% AFUE (a measure of efficiency), meaning nearly half your utility costs are completely wasted. Upgrading to a new furnace could mean a reduction in up to 40% in annual heating bills.
2. Rising utility bills: Newer furnaces, especially ENERGY STAR® models (95% AFUE and above) waste less energy which means more money in your pocket. Greater efficiency also means less of an impact on the environment.
3. Broken furnace and/or expensive repairs: Your furnace has reached the end of its lifespan and repair costs are more costly than purchasing new. Especially when you factor in the potential savings on your utility bills.

Learn more about when to consider replacing your furnace.

How long does a furnace usually last?

Most furnaces should last at least 10 to 15 years, and can last as long as 20+ years with proper maintenance and a little bit of luck. That being said, you may wish to replace your furnace before that point if it starts to require frequent costly repairs and replacing it becomes a more cost-effective option.

Further reading: The TRUTH About Furnace (and A/C) Reliability

High-Efficiency Furnaces – The Basics

A furnace provides central heating throughout your home.  There are several types of heating systems with one of the most common in Canada being a forced-air furnace. 

Forced-air furnaces work by blowing heated air from burning natural gas or propane, through ducts that deliver the warm air to rooms throughout the house via air registers.  This is a preferred method amongst consumers because it provides heat quickly and it has a quick recovery time when temperature is decreased overnight to save energy, so it doesn’t take long for the home to warm back up again in the morning.

Modern forced-air furnaces have an energy-efficient fan and motor and certain models can precisely adjust to your home’s heating requirements throughout the day. This saves energy and maintains a more comfortable home.

For the most energy-efficient, quietest operation, and maximum comfort, look for a variable-speed/modulating furnace.

Or for a more budget-friendly option, consider a single or duel stage model.

We compare the pros and cons of different furnace types here >>

Energy-efficient furnaces can also make your home more attractive for resale value, as more and more consumers are conscious of the environment and how their energy dollars are being spent, especially with rising energy costs.

Replacing your furnace is a fairly significant investment, so knowing that it has been recently upgraded is always a bonus for a potential home buyer.

The following video covers some key factors when choosing a furnace for your home.

Or keep reading for more tips below.

Key Things to Know Before Buying a Furnace [Video]

FAQ

Furnace Types – Single Stage vs. Dual Stage vs. Variable Speed vs. Modulating Furnaces

These are the four major “types” of furnace, though a furnace can be both modulating and variable speed (as this refers to burner type and blower speed, respectively). Here’s a comparison of the pros and cons of each one.

See here to read our more in-depth breakdown and comparison of furnace types.

Single Stage

As it sounds, only one stage.  With a single-stage model, your furnace is either on or it is off, there’s no in-between.

Pros of Single Stage Furnaces:

• somewhat lower initial price

Cons of Single Stage Furnaces:

• inefficient energy use
• inconsistent temperature delivery throughout your home
• inconsistent temperature control; frequent hot-cold fluctuations
• noisier as it always operates at max output, cycling on and off more frequently
• higher energy bills

Dual Stage

A dual-stage furnace has high and low settings. It starts off in the first stage which is low output.  The low output stage meets your home’s heating needs about 60-80% of the time.  It switches to the second stage which is high output in response to extreme cold weather.

Pros of Dual Stage or Two-Stage Furnace:

• somewhat better temperature control
• more efficient than single stage furnace
• adjusts to weather changes
• somewhat lower energy bills
• somewhat quieter

Cons of Dual Stage or Two-Stage Furnace:

• somewhat higher initial price than single stage

Variable/Multi-Speed

This refers specifically to the blower, which monitors and adjusts incrementally, to ensure the highest comfort and most precise heat distribution throughout your home.

Pros of Variable/Multi-Speed Furnaces:

• more efficient
• provides more precise airflow and indoor temperature
• quieter
• ECM (an energy efficient) motor: decreases furnace electrical energy consumption by 70% when used continuously

Cons of Variable/Multi-Speed Furnaces:

• somewhat higher initial price

Modulating

This refers specifically to the burner, which adjusts incrementally in order to respond to the heat demands of the home.

Pros of Modulating Furnaces:

• improved temperature consistency
• best temperature control
• most energy-efficient
• typically also equipped with variable speed blower

Cons of Modulating Furnaces:

• initial cost of purchase is usually more expensive

Advanced Furnace Features

The following features and technology are often featured on top-of-the-line ENERGY STAR furnaces. There is certainly nothing wrong with buying a heating system that doesn’t have any of these features, but for those looking for peak performance and efficiency, look for the following. However, furnaces with these features rarely come cheap!

• ECM Motors
• Dual heat exchangers: when two heat exchangers are used the furnace is able to draw more heat from the burned gas, which makes them more energy efficient
• Ignition systems: pilot lights are becoming a thing of the past, in favour of an electronic ignition system which increases a furnace’s efficiency rating.
• Programmable & “smart” thermostats: Not a furnace feature per se, more of an add-on. But programmable thermostats are easy to use and will save you money. New ‘smart’ thermostats can learn from your personal heating preferences and adjust your home’s heating automatically, like lowering the temperature during the day when you’re at work.
  Turning your thermostat down just one degree each night results in a 2% reduction on your annual heating bill.

Choosing a Fuel Type for your Furnace – Propane vs. Natural Gas vs. Oil

When choosing a fuel type for your furnace the two major options for Canadians are: natural gas or propane. The biggest factor that must be taken into consideration when deciding between a natural gas or propane furnace is whether you live in an urban or rural area.  Your location will dictate which energy source is more appropriate for your furnace.  Most urban city centers are equipped with natural gas pipelines making it the obvious choice.

In rural settings natural gas pipeline infrastructure is not as readily available or may not be installed, which makes propane the most cost-effective energy source over oil and electrical heating in most cases, due to the high cost of heating oil and electricity in most regions.

One downside is that propane heating requires the installation of a large tank on your property, which is refilled periodically.

Oil is becoming increasingly rare as a heating fuel for homes. Oil furnaces are generally not energy efficient, with some older models having an AFUE of only 60%. That means for every energy dollar only 60 cents is going to heat your home, and the rest is being wasted, making it significantly costlier to heat your home. Not only is money being wasted and energy lost, an oil furnace puts more strain on the environment by burning more fossil fuel, which increases your eco-footprint. This is why so many Canadians are choosing to make the switch away from oil heat.

And with the exception of people living in Quebec who get relatively cheap electricity from Hydro Quebec, homeowners with electric heating in Ontario and elsewhere are increasingly switching to natural gas or propane due to high heating costs.

For more information on conversions from oil or electric to propane or gas, see here.

That being said, heat pumps are an increasingly common type of heating system in Canada. These systems can function as both a heating system, and an air conditioning system in the summer. And because they don’t burn fossil fuels, they’re seen as a key technology in meeting climate goals and reducing carbon emissions.

ENERGY STAR® Furnace Ratings Explained – Is it worth it?

When you see a home heating system with an ENERGY STAR certification in Canada you can rest assured that you are in the presence of an efficient furnace, and high-efficiency means the biggest bang for your energy dollar.

To qualify as an ENERGY STAR home heating system, it usually has to have an efficiency of 95% (AFUE) or more. That means that on average 95 cents of every energy dollar are going to actually heating your home, and that the unit has a fan efficiency of 2% or less. Note, ‘fan efficiency’ refers to the ratio of electrical energy consumption to the total energy consumption of the furnace during heating operation.

ENERGY STAR is administered and promoted in Canada by Natural Resources Canada and registered in Canada with the United States Environmental Protection Agency.

ENERGY STAR home heating systems allow you to save money while decreasing environmental emissions which reduces your ecological footprint.  That’s a win for your pocketbook and the environment.

Other Important Considerations

Warranty Coverage

The manufacturer’s warranty varies by brand and also which model you choose, with more expensive models typically having better coverage.

These typically range from 5 year limited parts warranties to 10-year, 20-year or lifetime warranties on key parts like the heat exchanger, and even ‘unit replacement guarantees’.

IMPORTANT: Be sure to register your warranty within the registration period after installation, which is typically either 60 or 90 days after installation, depending on the brand.

Be sure to carefully read the fine print and follow all the requirements to avoid voiding your warranty.

Some warranties, especially ‘whole unit replacement’ ones require annual maintenance and cleaning be done a certified technician.

Also be sure to store your warranty in a safe place in case you need it in the future. At FurnacePrices.ca, we offer free warranty storage and other free benefits when you sign up for a free account with us.

You may also get additional labour warranty coverage on the installation through your licensed HVAC technician who completes your new home furnace installation, typically for a period of one year, but sometimes longer.

Rebates and Incentives

Different provinces have different rebates and incentives available and these are subject to change at any time. In addition, local organizations like utility companies and municipal governments may also have their own HVAC grant programs.

The Canadian federal government announced in 2021 the creation of a grant program of up to $5,000 in incentives for Canadian homeowners to perform energy-saving home renovations, including upgrading the HVAC system. This program is known as the Greener Homes Program.

Check out the latest current heating & cooling government rebates and incentives in Canada.

Plus check out our Local Current HVAC Deals page for offers and promotions from local contractors.

Humidifiers and Air Filtration

These add-ons can help filter your home’s air and maintain optimal humidity, making air healthier and easier to breathe. 

Air filtration systems, especially those with HEPA filters, reduce allergens and pollutants and make breathing easier, while also reducing the chance of mold, asthma flair ups, and other skin and respiratory issues. It is important to change your air filter periodically in order to maximize the efficiency of your furnace.

With the COVID-19 pandemic, Canadians are more concerned than ever about indoor air quality and safety.

Zoned Heating

Zoned heating allows you to control the temperature of specific areas of the house, which is a fairly expensive upgrade. It can be beneficial especially with large homes, as it allows you to heat the rooms you use the most, while keeping the others at a lower temperature when you’re not using them.

Most houses are non-zoned = 1 thermostat that controls the heating of the whole house (natural gas furnace or propane furnace). Though individual vents may have manual switches to adjust the air flow for a particular room. Unless you have a system with an ECM motor, you should not close any air vents.

Furnace Sizing & Getting an Estimate

There is a common myth out there that square footage is the only factor required to determine the size and BTU output of a residential home heating system.  Actually, many factors need to be taken into account when determining the appropriate furnace size to heat your home.

Other factors that may be considered during a home assessment include:

• type of insulation used
• amount of insulation
• climate
• windows: size, type, amount, direction they face
• house material – vinyl siding vs. brick
• seals
• air leakage
• vents
• ductwork

One of our local certified HVAC professionals can assess all of these factors in order to provide you with a home heating system that meets your home’s needs. You can request a free quote from local professionals with the form above.

Summary of Key Points

• The minimum efficiency furnace you can purchase in Canada is now 95% AFUE
• Top high-efficiency furnaces on the market have AFUE of almost 99% AFUE
• The BTU rating needs to be considered when choosing the right size of heating system. Newer furnaces are more efficient so you generally won’t need as high a BTU rating as your old model. Your local expert will help you size your unit correctly.
• In some situations, a heat/loss calculation might need to be conducted by a professional to determine the right furnace for your home and qualify you for government rebates
• A high-efficiency furnace uses less energy and lowers your utility bills, helping offset the cost of upgrading
• Lowering the temperature on your programmable thermostat, even by 1 degree Celsius will result in a decrease on your home energy bill.

The only thing left to do is request a free quote from trusted local heating & cooling companies in your area!

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Buying a new furnace for your home but don’t know where to start? High-efficiency furnaces are for the modern Canadian home: they’re quiet, reliable, powerful, affordable, effective at maintaining steady, comfortable temperatures in the home, and can reduce your energy bill by up to 45% when replacing an older system. When you need to buy a new high-efficiency furnace, we’ve got you covered!

Here are 15 furnace buying tips that will help you buy the right high-efficiency furnace for your home.

1.  Opt for a High-Efficiency Furnace with a High AFUE

Furnaces are graded with an Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) rating that measures how efficient they are. It’s a rough percentage of the fuel (or energy) your furnace can transform into heat during the year. 

Older furnaces tend to clock an AFUE of only around 65%. Today’s high-efficiency furnaces have AFUEs that can go as high as 99%, meaning nearly 100% of the propane or natural gas burned is providing heat for your home. That’s a huge difference for your heating bills, your carbon footprint, and the environment.

The latest high-efficiency furnaces can save you up to 45% on your fuel bill compared to older and less-efficient heating systems. They also operate more quietly and keep your home cozier. Aim for a furnace that has an efficiency rating of at least 95% and preferably EnerGuide and ENERGY STAR® certification.

2. Check for Rebates Before You Buy

Rebates are a great way to save money on a new high-efficiency furnace. They’re available through government programs, HVAC dealers and manufacturers, utility companies, energy saving organizations, and more. In order to qualify for most government rebates, you must install a furnace that’s at least 96% efficient.

You must typically qualify for rebates before you install the furnace, so see what’s available before you buy. See here for our guide to current government rebates.

A registered contractor will be able to apply for rebates on your behalf.

3.  Know When to Replace Your Furnace

Here are some key considerations when you’re torn between buying a new furnace versus repairing an old one:

• A furnace older than 15 years might start becoming less efficient and need more frequent/more expensive repairs
• If your furnace needs repairs, how much will it cost compared to buying a furnace?
• How efficient is your old furnace compared to what you could buy now?
• If you’re experiencing irregular problems with your heating cycles, noises, etc., it may be time to replace it

If you have an older furnace, you’ll want to upgrade to a high-efficiency furnace as soon as possible, especially if winter’s around the corner or if your furnace has broken down and needs repairs.

4. Choose a Qualified Contractor

Furnace reliability and pricing is 60% installation and 40% brand, so go with a TSSA-certified (or equivalent, depending on your province) contractor so you can rest easy knowing your new natural gas furnace was put in right. This is one of the best furnace buying tips we can provide!

There are a lot of great, well-known brands out there: American Standard, Carrier, Lennox, Goodman — but none of that means anything if your technician isn’t up to code.

A shoddy installation by an unreliable contractor is more likely to encounter problems down the road and may even get your furnace red-tagged by the gas company, meaning they’ll shut your gas off if your furnace isn’t brought up to code within 7 days (YIKES!).

The largest variable in both the initial cost and, in many cases, the long-term reliability of your furnace is its installation.

You should also choose a contractor that offers a 1-year warranty on labour. Why trust a company that won’t stand by their work?

You may also want to look for contractors that offer good deals by bundling, which can get you a better deal on a complete home heating, ventilation & air conditioning (HVAC) system.

This typically includes things like a new central air conditioner, humidifier, heat recovery ventilator (HRV), and air filtration system. It can save you a lot off your initial costs and makes things much easier from an installation standpoint.

5. Look for Financing Options

With financing, you can pay for your new furnace or AC on a schedule that works for you. Consider whether you want to pay upfront—that is, pay in full after installation—or spread payments out over a year or more.

There are a few different financing options. First, there’s ordinary financing which allows you to take anywhere from 1 to 15 years to pay it off and has flexible monthly payment amounts for you to choose from. Financing can be available through HVAC manufacturers, contractors, or third parties.

There’s also rent to own options which differ in that they generally don’t require credit approval. Secondly, they also tend to offer full coverage, meaning you never have to worry about paying for repairs for however long the term is (usually 10 years).

6. Know What to Look for When Buying a Furnace

There isn’t really an objective measure of quality and reliability when it comes to furnaces, and there generally isn’t a huge variance from one brand to another.

While the brand may be important to some degree, what’s far more important is that the installation is done properly by a licensed and experienced technician.

Most modern furnaces are of comparable quality and reliability, so sometimes it’s best to look for a brand that provides good overall value, like Goodman. Certain brands like Lennox and Carrier tend to cost quite a bit more, and although they are certainly good products, you’re often paying a premium just for the name.

Check out our Best Furnaces guide for the latest recommendations.

The most important thing is to hire a qualified contractor for the installation.

7. Beware of Online Customer Reviews

Thanks to the internet, we can now go online and see what others have to say about a furnace before pulling out our wallets.

However, a quick look around many consumer furnace review sites would probably lead you to believe that just about every brand of furnace is universally bad and prone to constant malfunction.

 There are two big problems with online furnace reviews:

1. Furnace reviews are often featured on third-party websites that have no part in the actual purchase, meaning they have no way of verifying who did the installation (which is an important factor in reliability) or whether the reviews are actually legitimate.
2. These websites often attract a disproportionate amount of unhappy homeowners, so it’s not always good to accept furnace buying tips from them. Not many satisfied customers bother to go online out of the blue one day to share how their furnace is running smoothly and as expected.

Now, this doesn’t mean you should completely disregard anything you read online about various furnace brands, but it’s important to keep things in context.

Most major manufacturers sell tens of thousands of units every year, so it would be unrealistic to expect none of them to ever encounter any issues, especially when there are so many different contractors out there doing the actual installation.

Any modern furnace that is correctly installed should generally be quite reliable, effective and efficient.

8. Speak to the Experts

 Use our quote request form to speak with HVAC experts in your area. They’ll guide you through the process and answer any questions or concerns you have.

Every home is different, and factors like size, layout, insulation levels, local climate, and other factors are important to consider when choosing the right furnace.

Qualified local heating and cooling experts will help you choose the right size, BTU (British Thermal Unit) output, and efficiency rating for your home’s furnace.

Your specialist will also walk you through the installation process, the costs, discuss the systems and thermostats, and make sure you know how to operate and care for your new furnace. That goes a long way towards giving you peace of mind and getting a more comfortable, efficient, and economical home.

9. Get Free Estimates

The cost of purchasing and installing a new furnace can vary greatly depending on your home’s location, the set-up inside, and the location of your existing furnace and duct system. With that in mind, you’ll want to choose a contractor that offers free in-home estimates and consultations.

And as for pro furnace buying tips: don’t be afraid to get more than one quote!

Use our free quote request page to get a furnace quote from a reputable contractor in your area.

10. Get a Programmable Thermostat and Other Efficiency Upgrades

There are many ways to reduce energy use in your home in winter while also keeping your home warmer and helping out your furnace. Here are some tips:

• Get a programmable thermostat or smart thermostat that can lower the heat when you’re out of your home or asleep at night
• Set the thermostat lower: Even just a few degrees cooler will save you money and reduce your emissions by up to 6 percent
• Cover your windows with heat-sealing transparent plastic insulation to trap sunlight inside and keep your home warmer
• Seal leaks around heat ducts to reduce air loss
• Top up your wall and attic insulation and put in new windows and doors

11. Stay on Top of Regular Maintenance

Regularly checking the air filter on your furnace goes a long way to keeping it working efficiently. If the filter gets clogged, your airflow goes downhill fast, and your furnace will have to work harder for worse results.

Other regular furnace maintenance steps can help you ensure your furnace lasts as long as possible.

Annual inspections and maintenance can pay huge dividends in extending the life of your furnace and ensuring it always runs at peak efficiency. A good rule of thumb is to do that every fall. Occasional duct cleaning isn’t a bad idea either.

12. Consider the Warranty

One of our most important furnace buying tips isn’t actually about the furnace but the warranty. A basic furnace warranty will include a 10-year parts warranty and a 20-year heat exchanger warranty. Some manufacturers have longer terms, and many now offer unit replacement warranties.

In addition, check with your local contractor about a warranty on labour and installation (1 year is the norm). As mentioned above, we recommend you don’t buy anything from any contractor who won’t guarantee their work.

Also be sure you don’t inadvertently void your warranty!

In addition, there are rent to own programs or furnace rentals that offer full coverage on all parts and labour for the entire term. This generally means you get unlimited service calls and don’t pay for repairs or even full system replacement if necessary. There are typically no upfront costs and you simply pay a flat monthly rate.

In the end, you will pay more for your furnace than if you paid upfront, but some people (especially landlords) prefer the added peace of mind and predictable cost – no shelling out hundreds of dollars in unexpected repair costs in the middle of February!

13. Choose the Right Fuel Type When Buying a New Furnace

Most Canadians use forced air furnaces to heat their homes, and the fuel is usually natural gas, electricity, or propane. The type of fuel you use in your house may depend in part on availability, cost, or other factors.

In places where there’s plenty of hydroelectric power, it tends to be more common for people to use electric systems. However, while electric furnaces are highly efficient and have low maintenance requirements, they can be costly to operate depending on the price of electricity.

Natural gas furnaces are common throughout Canada. A high-efficiency natural gas furnace converts most of the fuel it burns into heat, and the cost of the fuel is relatively affordable. The delivery system is very convenient, but not all parts of Canada have the infrastructure in place, so it’s not available everywhere.

Propane furnaces are basically the same as natural gas furnaces, except for the fuel. Propane furnaces are efficient, but the fuel may be more expensive. At the same time, the fuel does burn cleaner, which is a plus for the environment. You also need to keep a tank on your property for storage, set up delivery service, and have the tank inspected/maintained regularly for safety.

14. Get the Right Output Capacity – More Isn’t Always Better

Another one of our important furnace buying tips is to have the unit sized properly for your home. A furnace that’s too big will turn on and off too often. This wastes energy, can damage the furnace, and can cause humidity problems in the house.

On the other hand, a furnace that’s too small will run constantly but never quite heat your home enough, so you’ll be chilly and spend a fortune on heating bills.

There are many factors that go into sizing a furnace, so it’s best to trust a qualified contractor with the calculation.

15. Consider These Common Furnace Buying FAQs

We hope this guide has been helpful! For a free quote from reputable heating & air conditioning contractors in your area, please check out our free quotes page!

Modern gas furnaces are so quiet, so convenient, and require so little attention that it’s easy to take them for granted.

But it has taken a lot of time, effort, money, and ingenuity to get to where we are today, and home heating wasn’t always as simple, safe, or efficient as it is today.

Appreciating and understanding your furnace can help you take better care of it, so let’s look at the history of gas furnaces, how we got to where we are today, and what life was like before we had these technologically advanced systems keeping our homes and families warm through the long winters.

Before the Gas Furnace There Was the Humble Fireplace

The ancestors of modern humans had only one major tool at their disposal to help them stay warm: fire. In fact, humans relied on charcoal and wood fires to keep warm up until the nineteenth century, when the first coal furnaces were made.

But in ancient homes, ventilation was understandably poor, and as a result, rooms were often filled with smoke and soot. Moreover, open fires aren’t typically very efficient at heating large spaces, so people had to stay pretty close to the fire to stay warm.

Additionally, as the size of homes continued to increase from mere single-room structures, these brick and stone fireplaces became increasingly inefficient.

One of the first stoves that could more efficiently heat larger spaces was the kang, a large masonry stove built of bricks or clay that was invented in China more than 7,000 years ago.

From Fires to Central Heating and Back Again

One of the earliest forms of central heating we know about is the ondol, a type of underfloor heating system used in Korea dating back at least 7,000 years. The system used a fire underneath a masonry floor to heat large spaces.

Another early type of central heating was the hypocaust, another wood-fired underfloor heating system used by the Romans more than 2,100 years ago.

The hypocaust fell out of use with the fall of the Roman Empire, and humans didn’t return to the idea of central heating for well over 1,000 years.

During the Middle Ages, people went back to basic hearths with open roofs that allowed smoke and soot to escape. When the domestic chimney was invented in the twelfth century, fireplaces became increasingly common.

Eventually, people in Europe and Asia started coming up with new versions of cockle stoves (masonry stoves covered in tiles) that were better at containing smoke and soot, and that had improved flue systems that allowed less cold air into the house.

Modern Developments in Central Heating Systems

Starting in the eighteenth century, people began to explore the idea of central heating more seriously, and the most common methods used hot air, hot water, hot steam, or electricity to heat homes.

• In the hot air category, a major development came when Benjamin Franklin invented the Franklin Stove in 1741. This unit was metal-lined and had a hollow baffle located near its back. The specialized stove produced less smoke and more heat, while the ductwork ensured that warmth was more evenly distributed throughout the room.
• On the steam front there was James Watt, inventor of the Watt steam engine, who developed the first working steam-based heating system for his home by attaching pipes to a boiler and running them through his house.
• Around the same time, a man named Franz San Galli invented the first hot water radiator in 1855, and this paved the way for modern radiators.
• Followed by that, Thomas Edison made a noteworthy contribution of his own: the invention of the electric heater in the early 1880s.
• But it wasn’t until 1885 that a man named Dave Lennox redefined the market with an affordable heating solution that did not use wood as its fuel. It was a coal-burning cast iron radiator, and it became the option of choice for many homeowners. Not only was this particular radiator much more affordable than others on the market, but it also made use of natural convection to distribute the heat more efficiently, similar to the Franklin Stove.

Alice Parker’s Furnace and the Rebirth of Central Heating

We have a woman named Alice Parker to thank for our warm and comfortable winters, because she was the first to patent a central heating system in America back in 1919.

Her 100-year-old design hasn’t changed much over the years: the thermostat-controlled system she invented had cool air drawn into a heat exchanger, heated with natural gas, and then circulated through the house via ductwork using the power of natural convection.

The design was a major breakthrough for home heating, not only because it was so effective, but also because it relied on natural gas instead of wood or coal. Eventually, electric fans were added to the equation to make heat distribution even more efficient and effective.

Shortly after Alice Parker’s patent, gas and oil versions of these forced-air furnaces would replace coal as the primary source of fuel for home heating—relieving homeowners of the task of manually adding coal (or wood) to the fire.

Parker’s furnace design was so effective that it still stands as the primary home heating method for homeowners today. Technological developments have made the design quieter, more efficient, and more cost-effective, but modern HVAC manufacturers are still working with the same basic design that Parker devised.

Modern Innovations that Have Improved Gas Furnaces

Even though the concept of the forced-air heat furnace has remained more or less the same since the middle of the twentieth century, there have been a wealth of innovations that have increased the efficiency, performance, and ease-of-use of gas furnaces.

Let’s look at a few of the developments that have significantly improved the modern gas furnace:

Secondary Heat Exchangers

Parker’s original furnace had a single heat exchanger that safely heated the air for your house while also keeping dangerous flue gasses separate from the air.

Some modern furnaces, called condensing furnaces, now have secondary heat exchangers that recover energy from the exhaust gasses that would otherwise be lost.

As such, condensing furnaces are more efficient, cost less to operate, and have less energy loss than traditional furnaces.

Two-Stage and Modulating Gas Valves

Another major contribution to the modern trend of high-efficiency furnaces comes in the form of two-stage and modulating gas valves.

A traditional furnace has a simple single-stage gas valve, which essentially means that your machine is either on or off. When on, the furnace runs at full power until the thermostat is satisfied, at which point the unit shuts off.

Building upon this came the two-stage option. Just as the name suggests, this variation added a new level at which the furnace could operate, depending on the environment or season. For example, the gas valve could be programmed to run at either 60% or 100%, thus operating more efficiently and more quietly.

Then came the modulating furnace. These operate in extremely precise increments. Instead of varying between just two stages, modulating furnaces can make incremental adjustments to their heating output when the thermostat calls for it.

Therefore, these units are able to continuously run at a very low setting while still maintaining a consistent temperature and using less energy.

Electronic Ignition Systems

The earliest gas furnaces relied on a pilot light to ignite the gas, and this wasted a great deal of gas and money.

By contrast, lots of modern furnaces use electronic ignition systems to light the burners. These have many advantages, including less waste, less money on wasted gas, and no maintenance problems related to the pilot light.

Programmable and Smart Thermostats

One of the earliest thermostats dates back to 1620, but modern versions began cropping up in the late nineteenth century.

In 1886, a man named Albert Butz patented the first electric thermostat. This device monitored temperature and regulated the damper to make temperature adjustments. Although he didn’t know it, Butz had created what would be developed into the modern room thermostat. The same year he got the patent, he founded a company that would eventually become Honeywell.

Before long, thermostats became programmable, but the next major development came in 2007, when a company called Ecobee began marketing the first smart thermostat.

Smart thermostats are excellent energy and money savers because they learn your habits and adjust heating and cooling settings automatically to reduce energy use.

Moreover, these devices can be controlled wirelessly through smartphones and tablets, making controlling your comfort settings a breeze.

ENERGY STAR® Certified Furnaces

One of the most important developments with modern furnaces is that they’re more efficient than ever. The most efficient furnace on the market right now has an AFUE rating of 99 percent, meaning it only wastes 1 percent of the fuel it consumes.

Moreover, it’s easier than ever for consumers to identify highly efficient models thanks to the ENERGY STAR program.

Originally launched in 1992 by the Department of Energy and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), ENERGY STAR has since been adopted by a number of countries, including Canada.

ENERGY STAR is essentially a certification program that celebrates appliances that are especially efficient. An ENERGY STAR furnace must have an AFUE rating of 95% or above.

Getting the Most from Any Furnace

The developments in modern gas furnace technology mean that when it’s time to upgrade your heating system, you can get a decent model on just about any budget.

Whether you want the most basic single-stage furnace or the highest-end model with all the bells and whistles, you’ll be able to find something that’s energy efficient and dependable.

Some important things to remember are to have your furnace sized properly for your home, to have it installed by a professional HVAC technician, and to have it serviced and maintained regularly. All of these things will ensure your furnace functions optimally, efficiently, and reliably, no matter what model you choose.

A furnace tune up refers to having an HVAC professional conduct a series of checks, component cleaning & testing and, as required, maintenance to your furnace to keep it in good working order.

A furnace tune up is much like a car tune up, where the goal is to maximize the life of the system and avoid surprise repairs. Canadian winters can be brutal, so regularly getting a furnace checkup can help you avoid losing the ability to heat your home when it matters most.

Canadian winters can be among the most severe in the world, so keeping your furnace tuned up will help keep your furnace running safely and efficiently, and keep the warm air flowing even when winter is at its worst.

In colder regions you’ll likely want to have your heating system maintenance done earlier in the fall to be ready for any early cold snaps.

How Much Does a Furnace Tune Up Cost In Canada?  

You can typically expect to pay somewhere between $70.00 and $250.00 for a full furnace tune up and inspection within Canada.

You should also factor in an extra $50 – $250 per year for furnace air filters, which you should replace at least once every 3 months or ideally every month or two. Each furnace model requires a certain size of filter so the exact cost will vary.

Additional Furnace Maintenance Service Costs

A full furnace inspection is also typically included in a tune-up. Furnace service costs will vary with the extent of the inspection and whether any parts or additional labour is required.

If your tune-up reveals any significant issues, more extensive furnace maintenance or repairs may be required. When additional labour is required to replace parts, the cost can easily reach $500.00 or more.

If your furnace is under warranty, or you have a furnace protection plan, you may not have to pay some of these additional costs out of pocket, protecting you against unexpected expensive repair costs. And a warranty or protection plan will likely cover your air conditioning system and may include a spring check up.

Why Are Tune Ups Important?

Because heating and cooling systems are mechanical devices, regular maintenance is important to ensure they stay in good working order. Some extended warranties also require annual maintenance be done by fully licensed technicians to maintain full coverage.

Especially with older furnaces, it’s best to catch required repairs early in the season if possible, rather than having your unit break down in the coldest stretch of winter.

Furnace and air conditioner tune-ups should ideally be performed at the start of fall and spring, respectively.

Benefits of Getting an Annual Furnace Tune-Up

Safety

Safety is the first and foremost goal in a furnace tune-up, especially considering that furnaces burn fuel for heat. Heating can come in many forms in Canada, but most of us use some form of oil-burning or natural gas-burning furnaces. Although relatively rare, improperly maintained heating systems can allow carbon monoxide to permeate the living space, putting the occupants at risk.

A tune-up will include inspecting key components like the heat exchanger for possible leaks, and ideally also ensuring carbon monoxide detectors are working properly.

Improving Energy Efficiency

An annual furnace tune-up can help improve your heating system’s energy efficiency by ensuring moving parts like the blower are operating properly, which can also help prevent excessive noise.

Things like replacing your air filter (which you can and should also do yourself at least every few months) can improve air quality and help your furnace operate at peak efficiency, which can help lower your energy bills.

Proper maintenance may also help you save money in the long term. For example, replacing some worn-out components can keep your furnace from working harder than it needs to. If left unchecked, those parts may eventually fail and require costly repairs.

What Is Included In a Furnace Tune-Up?

A heating system tune-up will include inspecting, testing, preventative maintenance, and, if needed, repairing your heating system.

The technician will go through a checklist of items to ensure everything is working smoothly, and replace any minor parts that may be starting to wear out.

The HVAC technicians will also notify you of any concerns, or things to monitor. Sensors and other components may be cleaned, and they’ll likely check drain lines, air ducts, and replace the air filter to help with efficient operation and good indoor air quality.

Here is a partial list of the components and systems that are commonly inspected during a furnace tune-up:

• Heat exchanger
• New air filter for cleaner air and smoother operation
• Natural gas/propane or other fuel lines
• Blower compartment, motor & belts
• Thermostat
• Exterior air intake & exhaust venting
• Plenum & ductwork
• Igniter & sensors
• Circuit board
• Wiring & power switch
• Check for carbon monoxide leaks & CO detector test
• Refrigerant lines & connections to your air conditioning system if applicable (your AC isn’t the main focus obviously, but it does use certain furnace components)

The inspection may find issues like cracks in your heat exchanger which would cause your furnace to be red-tagged. The technician may also be able to diagnose small carbon monoxide leaks, identify loose or worn out components like blower bearings, or faulty sensors.

Tell your technician about any problems or questions you have with your HVAC system, including noises, reduced airflow from registers, strange odours, inconsistent or inadequate indoor temperatures, dry air, and so on.

Having a furnace tune-up performed on a regular basis will help you maximize furnace efficiency and prevent small issues from becoming major costly repairs.

Frequently Asked Questions

How Do I Choose a Furnace Tune-Up Specialist?

The best way to find a great furnace tune-up & repair specialist in your area is to start with the company that installed the unit. Otherwise, you should do some thorough online research, checking things like their track record, and verifying licenses and insurance, among other criteria.

At FurnacePrices.ca, we created an extensive 15-point vetting and Certification program to help you find reliable local HVAC specialists you can trust.

Your furnace is spending money for you, so help it operate as cost effectively as possible! Get your furnace tuned up by a heating repair pro, ask lots of questions, and enjoy the benefits.